Objective To compare the effect of modified high density porous polyethylene scaffold and autologous costal cartilage scaffold in nasal plastic surgery. Methods Fifty patients with nasal plastic surgery in Guangzhou Zixin Plastic Surgery Hospital from December 2020 to August 2021 were selected. According to the type of scaffold, they were divided into modified high density porous polyethylene scaffold group (modified Mantebo scaffold group) and autologous costal cartilage scaffold, with 25 cases in each group. The degree of pain, operation time, contraction, infection, nasal shape score, nasal beam length index, nasal height, nasal tip angle, nasal forehead angle, nasal lip angle, ACP angle, ATC angle, and satisfaction with plastic effect were compared between the two groups. Results The NRS score of the modified Mantebo scaffold group, the shrinkage rate and infection was lower than that of the autologous costal cartilage scaffold group (P＜0.05). The self-rating score of nasal shape and the length index of nasal beam ,the nasal height and nasal frontal angle were higher than those in the autologous costal cartilage scaffold group, and the nasal tip angle, nasal lip angle, ACP angle and ATC angle were lower than those in the autologous costal cartilage scaffold group (P＜0.05). The satisfaction of the modified Mantebo scaffold group was 96.00%, which was higher than 68.00 % of the autologous costal cartilage scaffold group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The effect of modified high density porous polyethylene scaffold in nasal plastic surgery is better than that of autologous costal cartilage scaffold, which can effectively alleviate the pain, shorten the operation time, reduce the shrinkage rate and infection rate, improve the nasal shape and function, and improve the satisfaction of patients with plastic effect.