Objective To analyze the effect of valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets in the treatment of herpes zoster. Methods A total of 100 patients with herpes zoster admitted to Hongxing Hospital, 13th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from July 2020 to July 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given intravenous infusion of acyclovir injection, and the observation group was given oral valaciclovir hydrochloride tablets. The clinical efficacy, disease improvement, quality of life and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 90.00%, which was higher than 86.00% in the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The pain disappearance time, skin lesion stop time, scab formation time and decrustation time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P