Objective To investigate the application of subgingival sand blasting assisted subgingival curettage and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis. Methods A total of 92 patients with chronic periodontitis admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 46 cases in each group. The control group was treated with air washing after subgingival scaling and root planing, and the observation group was treated with glycine subgingival sandblasting after subgingival scaling and root planing. The clinical efficacy, MMP-3, TIMP-1 levels and periodontal clinical indicators were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P