Objective To analyze the application effect of hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion in the treatment of patients with uremic pruritus. Methods A total of 78 patients with uremia pruritus admitted to our hospital from April 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 39 cases in each group. The control group was treated with hemodialysis, and the observation group was treated with hemoperfusion on the basis of the control group. The levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH), renal function indexes [blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), blood β2-microglobulin (β2-MG)] and skin itching were compared between the two groups. Results The serum calcium level of the observation group was higher than that of the control group at 1 and 3 months after treatment, and the serum phosphorus and PTH levels were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The levels of BUN, Scr and β2-MG in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 1 and 3 months after treatment (P<0.05). The score of skin pruritus in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion is effective in patients with uremic pruritus. Compared with hemodialysis alone, it can regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism and remove middle molecular substances in the body. It can also effectively improve the symptoms of skin pruritus, which is worthy of clinical application.