Objective To explore the application effect of autogenous costal cartilage transplantation to construct nasal tip cartilage complex in rhinoplasty. Methods A total of 150 patients with rhinoplasty admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 75 cases in each group. The control group was treated with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene prosthesis, while the study group was treated with autologous costal cartilage transplantation to construct nasal tip cartilage complex. The nasal tip protrusion, wound healing time, healing degree, adverse reactions and plastic satisfaction before and after operation were compared between the two groups. Results The wound healing time of the study group was shorter than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The postoperative nasal tip protrusion of the study group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the degree of healing was better than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The plastic satisfaction scores of the study group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The application effect of autologous costal cartilage transplantation to construct nasal tip cartilage complex in rhinoplasty is better, which can present a more natural nasal shape state, and the patient's recognition is higher.