Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of yttrium aluminum garnet crystal laser in the treatment of hyperpig dermatosis. Methods A total of 86 patients with hyperpigmentation dermatosis admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects. The patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 43 cases in each group. The control group was treated with tretinoin cream, and the observation group was treated with yttrium aluminum garnet crystal laser. The clinical efficacy, skin condition, complete healing time and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 95.35%, which was higher than 86.05% in the control group (P