Objective To explore the application effect of micro-implant anchorage in orthodontic patients. Methods A total of 76 orthodontic patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method, 38 patients in each group. The control group was treated with traditional extraoral arch anchorage, and the observation group was treated with micro-implant anchorage. The orthodontic effect, periodontal health indicators, chewing function and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The correction effect of the observation group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, GI, PLI, SPD and SBI in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The masticatory efficiency and bite force of the two groups after treatment were higher than those before treatment, and those in the observation group was higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.56%, which was lower than the 21.05% in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of micro-implant anchorage in orthodontics is definite, which can improve periodontal health, enhance chewing function, and has fewer complications. It is worthy of clinical application.