Objective To explore the effect of PDCA model in nursing quality management of burn and plastic surgery department. Methods Thirty-two patients in burn and plastic surgery department admitted to our hospital from November 2020 to July 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 16 patients in each group. The control group received routine nursing management, the observation group received PDCA mode nursing management. The nursing quality, patient satisfaction and complications of the two groups were compared. Results The scores of nursing quality in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The satisfaction of patients in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients in the burn and plastic surgery department, the application of PDCA mode in the nursing quality management can reduce the occurrence of complications, improve the quality of nursing, and the patients' satisfaction with the plastic appearance is high, which has good clinical application value.