Objective To analyze the effect of photosensitive composite resin on dental cosmetology in the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth. Methods A total of 70 patients who underwent aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected. According to the different repair materials used, they were divided into cast porcelain group (cast porcelain veneer, n=35) and photosensitive group (photosensitive composite resin, n =35). The clinical efficacy, tooth aesthetics, periodontal index and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the photosensitive group was higher than that in the cast porcelain group (P <0.05). After treatment, the surface smoothness and retention score of the teeth in the photosensitive group were lower than those in the cast porcelain group (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in sulcus bleeding index, periodontal attachment level and complication rate between the two groups (P >0.05). Conclusion In the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth, photosensitive composite resin can improve tooth aesthetics without increasing complications. Meanwhile, the cosmetic repair effect is good and worthy of clinical application.