Objective To compare the application effect of hammer chisel split crown method and minimally invasive extraction in the extraction of mandibular lower impacted wisdom teeth. Methods A total of 110 patients with mandibular lower impacted wisdom teeth admitted to our hospital from October 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 55 patients in each group. The control group was treated with hammer chisel splitting crown method, and the observation group was treated with minimally invasive tooth extraction method. The incidence of complications, alveolar fossa injury, clinical indicators, quality of life and psychological status were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of complications in the observation group was 3.64%, which was lower than 16.36% in the control group (P <0.05). The complete rate of alveolar fossa in the observation group was 58.18%, which was higher than 30.91% in the control group (P <0.05). The VAS score, operation time and intraoperative blood loss in the observation group were better than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the SAS score and SDS score of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Minimally invasive tooth extraction is effective in the treatment of patients with mandibular low impacted wisdom teeth, which can effectively shorten the treatment time, reduce the amount of intraoperative blood loss, reduce the postoperative pain, and the incidence of postoperative complications is small. Meanwhile, the alveolar fossa integrity rate is high, which is conducive to improving the negative emotions of patients and improving their postoperative quality of life.