Objective To investigate the effectiveness of evidence-based nursing intervention in patients undergoing breast augmentation with submammary silicone prosthesis. Methods A total of 40 patients with artificial breast augmentation admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and study group by random number table method, with 20 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the study group was given evidence-based nursing. The incidence of complications, nursing satisfaction and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of complications in the study group was 20.00%, which was lower than 50.00% in the control group (P