Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a musculoskeletal disease with high incidence in oral and maxillofacial region, and the lesion sites include temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles and related structures. The pathogenesis of TMD is complex, and it is mostly related to inflammatory factors, oxidative stress (OS), genetics and so on. Orthodontics is an important branch of stomatology, which can correct the deformity of teeth and oral and maxillofacial region by implant denture, tooth repair and wearing appliance. However, there is still some controversy about the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD at home and abroad, so this paper reviews the research progress of the relationship between orthodontic treatment and TMD, in order to clarify the relationship between the two, and provide a reference for clinical follow-up treatment.