Objective To analyze the effect of self-efficacy intervention on wound Aesthetics and quality of life in patients undergoing gynecological laparotomy. Methods Sixty patients who underwent laparotomy in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 30 patients in each group. The control group was given perioperative nursing, and the observation group was given self-efficacy intervention on the basis of the control group. The wound aesthetics, quality of life and clinical indicators were compared between the two groups. Results The postoperative wound aesthetics of the observation group was better than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P