Objective To analyze the effect of health education based on information-maneuver-behavior theory on wound aesthetics and self-efficacy after cesarean section. Methods A total of 140 parturients who underwent cesarean section in the obstetrical department of our hospital from February to July 2022 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 70 parturients in each group. The control group was given perioperative routine nursing, and the observation group was given health education based on information-maneuver-behavior theory on the basis of the control group. The incision aesthetics, selfefficacy and self-care ability of the two groups were compared. Results The excellent and good rate of incision aesthetics in the observation group was 92.86%, which was higher than 84.29% in the control group (P