In order to evaluate the impact of medical aesthetics on the rehabilitation process and patient satisfaction after orthopedic surgery, this study selected 142 patients who were hospitalized in the orthopedic ward of Tangshan Hongci Hospital from February 2019 to January 2022 and underwent orthopedic surgery as the research object. The Medical Aesthetic Satisfaction Scale (MASS) was used to evaluate the patient's satisfaction with the aesthetic results, and the Orthopedic Rehabilitation Progress Scale (ORPS) was used to evaluate the patient's rehabilitation progress. The relationship between MASS and ORPS scores was explored, and multivariate linear regression was used to analyze the predictors of rehabilitation progress and patient satisfaction. The results of this study showed that there was a positive correlation between higher aesthetic satisfaction scores and faster rehabilitation progress, indicating the important role of medical aesthetics in the rehabilitation process after orthopedic surgery and the overall satisfaction of patients.