Objective To summarize and analyze the current situation and risk factors of pressure injury in perioperative patients, so as to provide reference for nursing management of pressure injury. Methods Statistical tools were used to analyze the occurrence and risk factors of pressure injury in 450 patients who underwent surgery in our hospital from August 2021 to August 2022 by univariate and multivariate analysis. Results A total of 450 patients were included in this study, including 16 cases of pressure injury, the incidence rate was 3.55%. Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of pressure injury between different genders and intraoperative hypotension (P>0.05), while there were statistically significant differences in the incidence of pressure injury among different ages, BMI, surgical position, anesthesia time, operation time, preoperative waterlow score, intraoperative blood loss, surgical position fixation device, complications and surgical classification (P70 years old; ②BMI≥27 kg/m2 ; ③intraoperative blood loss>80 ml; ④preoperative pressure injury score (waterlow)>14 scores; ⑤anesthesia time>3 h; ⑥operation time>3 h; ⑦combined with malnutrition; ⑧combined with edema; ⑨surgical position fixing device. Conclusion The incidence of pressure injury in perioperative patients is high due to many factors such as patients themselves, surgery and anesthesia. Effective nursing measures should be carried out to reduce the risk of pressure injury in operating room.