Objective To investigate the effect of digital guide plate guided oral implant restoration on periodontal health and aesthetic effect of patients with dentition defect. Methods A total of 66 patients with dentition defect admitted to Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects, and were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 33 patients in each group. The control group was given routine repair, and the observation group was given oral implant restoration guided by digital guide plate. The periodontal health index, repair aesthetic effect, implant success rate and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of gingival sulcus bleeding index, gingival index and plaque index in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 1 week after implantation (P<0.05). The pink esthetic score and white esthetic score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group at 1 week and 6 months after implantation (P<0.05). The success rate of implantation in the observation group was higher than that in the control group at 3, 6 and 12 months after operation (P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group was 3.03%, which was lower than 21.21% in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with dentition defect, digital guide plate guided oral implant restoration can improve the periodontal health, improve the aesthetic effect of restoration, and the success rate of implantation is high.