To compare the clinical effects of modified Parks incision and corneal limbal incision in the treatment of patients with strabismus. Methods A total of 80 patients with strabismus admitted to the ophthalmology department of our hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. Both groups were treated with strabismus surgery. The control group was treated with corneal limbal incision, and the observation group was treated with modified Parks incision. The clinical efficacy, ocular surface environment and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 97.50%, which was higher than 75.00% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The results of tear film rupture time and tear secretion test in the two groups were better than those before operation, and those in the observation group were better than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 5.00%, which was lower than 27.50% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The effect of modified Parks incision in the treatment of strabismus patients is better than that of corneal limbal incision. The former has little effect on the ocular surface environment, which can improve the total effective rate of treatment and reduce the incidence of complications.