To explore the clinical effect of early hyperbaric oxygen therapy on complications after augmentation rhinoplasty with sodium hyaluronate gel injection. Methods A total of 58 patients with related complications (vascular embolism, central retinal artery occlusion) after augmentation rhinoplasty with sodium hyaluronate gel injection in our hospital from July 2022 to July 2023 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into control group and study group, with 29 patients in each group. The control group was given conventional therapy, and the study group was given early hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The clinical efficacy, ecchymosis area and visual acuity were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 89.66%, which was higher than 65.52% in the control group (P <0.05). The area of facial ecchymosis in the study group was smaller than that in the control group at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment (P <0.05). The visual acuity of the study group was better than that of the control group at 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment (P <0.05). Conclusion Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy is effective in the treatment of complications after augmentation rhinoplasty with sodium hyaluronate gel injection, which can effectively reduce the area of facial ecchymosis and improve the visual acuity. It is recommended to be actively applied in early treatment.