To analyze the effect of all-ceramic aesthetic restoration on the aesthetic effect of teeth. Methods A total of 58 patients with dental cosmetology admitted to Bijie Third People's Hospital from June 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method, with 29 patients in each group. The control group was treated with cobalt-chromium alloy porcelain crown aesthetic restoration scheme, and the observation group was treated with zirconium dioxide all-ceramic aesthetic restoration scheme. The satisfaction of dental aesthetic repair effect, aesthetic effect (color, shape, overall beauty, facial condition) and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The satisfaction rate of dental aesthetic repair effect in the observation group was 100.00%, which was higher than 89.66% in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of color, shape, overall beauty and facial condition in the two groups after repair were lower than those before repair, and the scores of color, shape, overall beauty and facial condition in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of physiological function, physiological function, body pain, general health status, energy, social function, emotional function and mental health in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion In dental aesthetic repair, all-ceramic aesthetic restoration is beneficial to improve the quality of life of patients, obtain ideal dental aesthetic effect, and improve patient satisfaction.