To explore the clinical effect of micro-screw anchorage implant in orthodontic patients. Methods A total of 82 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment in our hospital from July 12, 2017 to July 12, 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and study group, with 41 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional orthodontic anchorage, and the study group was treated with microscrew anchorage implant. The dental aesthetic effect, masticatory function, clinical efficacy and complications were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the PES score and WES score of the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and those of the study group were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The masticatory function of the two groups after treatment was better than that before treatment, and that in the study group was better than that in the control group (P <0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 97.56%, which was higher than 80.49% in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was 4.88%, which was lower than 24.39% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of microscrew anchorage implant in orthodontic patients is effective, which can effectively improve the aesthetic effect of teeth and improve the masticatory function of patients. Meanwhile, the risk of complications after treatment is lower and the safety is higher.