To investigate the clinical effect of intensive pulsed light combined with glycolic acid peels in the treatment of chloasma and its effect on skin lesion score. Methods A total of 62 patients with chloasma admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and study group, with 31 patients in each group. The control group was treated with intensive pulsed light, and the study group was treated with intensive pulsed light combined with glycolic acid peels. The skin lesion score, oxidative stress response index and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the skin lesion score of the study group was lower than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). After treatment, the content of MDA in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the contents of GSH-Px and SOD were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 96.77%, which was higher than 77.42% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Intensive pulsed light combined with glycolic acid peels can improve the skin lesion score in patients with chloasma, relieve their skin oxidative stress injury, and improve clinical efficacy.