To analyze the effect of comprehensive nursing intervention on patients with alopecia caused by tumor chemotherapy. Methods A total of 80 patients with alopecia caused by tumor chemotherapy admitted to our hospital from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and study group, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing intervention, and the study group was given comprehensive nursing intervention. The nursing effect, number of alopecia, psychological status and health status were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of nursing in the study group was 92.50%, which was higher than 75.00% in the control group (P <0.05). The number of alopecia in the study group was lower than that in the control group at 1 and 3 weeks after nursingt (P <0.05). After nursing, the scores of SAS and SDS in the study group were lower than those in the control groupt (P <0.05). The KPS score of the study group after nursing was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the symptoms of alopecia in patients with tumor chemotherapy, and the nursing effect is good. At the same time, it can alleviate the anxiety and depression of patients and improve their physical health.