To compare the application effect of fixed denture and removable denture in oral restoration treatment. Methods From January 2022 to August 2023, 58 patients who received oral restoration treatment in the Heze City Mudan District Xicheng Sub-district Office Community Health Service Center were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 29 patients in each group. The control group was treated with removable denture, and the observation group was treated with fixed denture. The clinical efficacy, oral function index, oral health impact degree and periodontal index of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 96.55%, which was higher than 79.31% in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of beauty, retention, comfort, mastication and language function in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the scores of psychological discomfort, physiological disorder, social disorder, functional limitation, physiological pain, psychological disorder and social dysfunction in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The SBI and GI scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of fixed denture in oral restoration treatment can achieve more ideal curative effect, which is beneficial to the recovery of various oral functions and reduce the impact of oral health, but it will also cause certain periodontal tissue damage.