To explore the effect of psychological intervention on the psychological state of adolescent orthodontic patients. Methods From June 2021 to August 2023, 40 adolescent patients who received orthodontic treatment in our hospital were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table method, they were divided into control group and intervention group, with 20 patients in each group. The control group was not given psychological intervention, and the intervention group was given psychological intervention. The mental health status, compliance and negative emotion were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of cognition, emotion, personality and will behavior in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in thinking and language scores between the two groups (P >0.05). The scores of initiative, self-discipline and self-discipline in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference in the negative passivity score between the two groups (P >0.05). The scores of SAS and SDS in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Psychological intervention can improve the psychological health level and treatment compliance of adolescents during orthodontic treatment, and improve negative emotions, which is worthy of clinical application.