To compare the application effects of implant restoration and fixed denture restoration in dentition defect repair, so as to provide reference for clinical selection of the best restorationmethod . Methods A total of 100 patients with dentition defect admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2023 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with traditional fixed denture restoration, and the observation group was treated with implant restoration. The clinical efficacy and periodontal health status of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.00%, which was higher than 84.00% of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The masticatory function and aesthetic score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the gingival sulcus bleeding index and denture plaque index were lower than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Implant restoration has better functional and appearance effects in restoring dentition defects, and has a positive impact on the improvement of oral hygiene. Meanwhile, it can provide stronger support and more natural appearance, promote the recovery of masticatory function and improve self-confidence.