To investigate the effect of orthodontic treatment combined with basic periodontal treatment in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Methods A total of 100 patients with aggressive periodontitis admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects. Using the random number table method, they were divided into control group and observation group , with 50 patients in each group. The control group was treated with basic periodontal treatment, and the observation group was treated with basic periodontal treatment and orthodontic treatment. The periodontal indexes and masticatory function were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the control group, the plaque index, clinical attachment loss, periodontal probing depth and sulcus bleeding index in the observation group after treatment were lower, and gingival recession index was higher (P <0.05).Meanwhile, compared with the control group, the scores of food requirements, chewing stability, digestion, chewing food, eating and tooth fixation in the obse rvation group were lower (P <0.05). Conclusion For patients with aggressive periodontitis, orthodontic treatment combined with basic periodontal treatment has a definite effect, which can improve the periodontal health level of patients, and help to restore the masticatory function of teeth.