Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important component of skin structure. This paper discusses the classification, assembly, dynamic change and regulatory mechanism of ECM, focusing on key components such as collagen, elastin and glycoprotein, which play an important role in maintaining skin health and anti-aging skin. With the aging, changes in ECM directly affect the elasticity and appearance of the skin. In order to solve this problem, research on new targets of extracellular matrix regulation has become a hot spot in current research.