Objective To explore the effect of targeted nursing on perioperative complications in patients with double eyelid surgery. Methods A total of 70 patients who underwent double eyelid surgery in our hospital from October 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, and the observation group was given targeted nursing on this basis. The clinical efficacy, pain, complication rate, satisfaction and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group was 97.14%, which was higher than 71.43% in the control group (P <0.05). The pain score of the observation group was (2.31±0.23) scores, which was lower than (5.68±0.45) scores of the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.86%, which was lower than 22.86% in the control group (P <0.05). The satisfaction rate of the observation group was 97.14%, which was higher than that of the control group 68.57% (P <0.05). The scores of quality of life in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Targeted nursing for patients with double eyelid surgery during perioperative period can improve clinical efficacy, relieve postoperative pain, reduce the incidence of complications, increase patient satisfaction and improve their quality of life.