Exogenous coloring of tooth surface is a common oral health problem in clinic, which is mainly caused by diet, smoking, oral hygiene habits and other factors. It will not only seriously affect the appearance of teeth, but also have a negative impact on individual social interaction ability. With the continuous improvement of people's attention to tooth aesthetics and oral health, whitening teeth as an economical, simple and fast whitening technology has been widely valued. Whitening toothpaste is mainly based on physical and chemical effects to help patients remove or reduce the exogenous coloring of the tooth surface, thereby improving the aesthetics of the teeth. This article reviews the effective components and their effectiveness in whitening toothpaste.