Objective To analyze the application effect of two different composite resins in aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in adolescents. Methods From February 2023 to October 2023, adolescent patients who received aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in our hospital were selected as the research objects. According to the different repair materials used, they were divided into control group (50 patients) and observation group (50 patients). The control group was used light-cured composite resin, and the observation group was used nano-composite resin. The pulp sensitivity, pain degree, plaque index, gingival index, gingival sulcus bleeding index, incidence of oral disease and tooth aesthetics were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in pulp sensitivity rate between the two groups before and after treatment (P >0.05), but the scores of perceived pain in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after treatment (P <0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the plaque index, gingival index, and gingival sulcus bleeding index in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of oral diseases in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of tooth aesthetics in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion In the aesthetic restoration of anterior teeth in adolescents, nano-composite resin can better reduce the sensitivity of dental pulp, the degree of conscious pain, improve oral health, reduce oral diseases, and improve the aesthetics of teeth.