Objective To explore the application effect of process evaluation in oral and maxillofacial surgery practice. Methods From July to December 2023, 40 students majoring in stomatology in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of Jinan Stomatological Hospital were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and experimental group by random number table method, with 20 interns in each group. The control group adopted summative evaluation, and the experimental group adopted process evaluation. The examination results, comprehensive ability and teaching satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results The scores of usual performance, theoretical knowledge, case analysis and clinical operation in the experimental group were better than those in the control group (P <0.05). The proportion of improving self-learning ability, enhancing doctor-patient communication ability, improving independent thinking ability, improving case analysis ability and improving clinical operation ability in the experimental group was better than that in the control group (P <0.05). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group was 95.00%, which was higher than 60.00% of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of process evaluation in the practice teaching of oral and maxillofacial surgery can not only improve students' comprehensive clinical application ability, but also effectively improve the teaching quality and the teaching satisfaction.