Objective To analyze the effect of polypropylene suture on surgical incision suture and incision healing in patients with breast cancer. Methods A total of 70 patients with breast cancer admitted to Dongming County People's Hospital from January 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the research objects. All patients were treated with modified radical mastectomy. They were randomly divided into control group and observation group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group used Vicryl absorbable suture to suture the surgical incision, and the observation group used polypropylene suture to suture the surgical incision. The quality of surgical incision healing, the degree of pain, the width of scar hyperplasia and the occurrence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results The excellent and good rate of surgical incision healing in the observation group was 97.14%, which was higher than 82.86% in the control group (P <0.05). The VAS score of the observation group at 12, 24 and 48 h after operation was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The proportion of incision scar hyperplasia width <1 mm in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the proportion of incision scar hyperplasia width of 1-2 mm and >2 mm was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.86%, which was lower than 20.00% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application value of polypropylene suture in skin incision after breast cancer surgery is definite, which can promote incision healing, reduce postoperative incision pain, relieve scar hyperplasia, and effectively prevent postoperative complications.