Objective To explore the effect of dental implant repair in patients with free-end dentition defect. Methods From November 2022 to October 2023, 36 patients with free-end dentition defect admitted to our hospital were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 18 patients in each group. The control group was treated with removable denture repair, and the observation group was treated with dental implant repair. The repair effect, swallowing function, alveolar bone absorption, quality of life and periodontal index were compared between the two groups. Results The repair effect of the observation group was 100.00%, which was higher than 77.78% of the control group (P <0.05). The swallowing function score of the observation group was (9.11±0.15) scores, which was higher than (8.45±0.15) scores of the control group (P <0.05). The alveolar bone resorption in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The quality of life score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The gingival index, gingival sulcus bleeding index and plaque index of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The application of dental implant technology in patients with free-end dentition defect has a definite effect, which can improve the masticatory function of patients, reduce the absorption of alveolar bone, improve the stability of dental implant, and then improve the quality of life of patients. It is worthy of clinical application.