Tooth bleaching is a treatment method to improve the color of teeth, which is mainly used for the treatment of endogenous colored teeth and stubborn exogenous colored teeth. With the increase of demand and the progress of materials science, a series of branch technologies have flourished, including clinic bleaching treatment, home bleaching treatment, OTC whitening products and so on. How to choose the appropriate bleaching technology has become one of the key contents of clinical work. This paper reviews the commonly used bleaching agents and their principles, tooth bleaching techniques, discusses the research progress of common bleaching agents and their principles, and evaluates the effectiveness and safety of different bleaching techniques, in order to provide some reference for clinical application.