Objective To study the effect of tooth extraction site preservation technology on the aesthetic effect of oral implantation patients. Methods From March 2021 to March 2023, 96 patients who received anterior dental implant in our hospital were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group (n =48) and observation group (n =48) by random number table method. The control group was treated with conventional oral implant extraction repair technology, and the observation group was treated with extraction site preservation technology. The alveolar bone height, width and bone mineral density, gingival papilla index (PIS), width of the attached gingiva, aesthetic effect, implant stability quotient (ISQ), implant success rate and complication were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the height, width and bone density of alveolar bone in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). After treatment, the PIS score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the width of the attached gingiva was larger than that of the control group (P <0.05). The aesthetic effect score of the observation group after treatment was higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The ISQ score and planting success rate of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.08%, which was lower than 14.58% in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion The tooth extraction site preservation technology has a positive effect on improving the aesthetic effect of oral implant patients, which can reduce the influence of tooth extraction operation on alveolar bone height, width and bone mineral density, reduce bone loss, improve implant stability and implant success rate, and patient satisfaction is high.