Objective To analyze the effect of preoperative pain education combined with perioperative heat preservation nursing on patients undergoing scoliosis correction surgery. Methods From June 2021 to June 2023, 120 patients with scoliosis correction surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 60 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the study group was given pain management combined with heat preservation nursing on the basis of the control group. The postoperative pain degree, postoperative recovery time, the incidence of early postoperative complications and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results The VAS score of the study group at 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after operation was lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). The first exhaust time, the first time of getting out of bed, the start time of functional exercise and the length of hospitalization in the study group were shorter than those in the control group (P <0.05). The incidence of early postoperative complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The scores of all dimensions of quality of life in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Preoperative pain education combined with perioperative heat preservation nursing for patients undergoing scoliosis correction surgery can effectively reduce pain, reduce complications, promote postoperative rehabilitation, and improve the quality of life of patients.