Objective To explore the application effect of autologous costal cartilage transplantation combined with silicone augmentation rhinoplasty in patients with rhinoplasty and its influence on nasal morphology. Methods From January 2020 to January 2024, 94 patients who underwent rhinoplasty in Huamei Medical Beauty Clinic in Chengzhong District of Liuzhou City were selected as the research objects. They were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 47 patients in each group. The control group was treated with silicone augmentation rhinoplasty, and the observation group was treated with autologous costal cartilage transplantation combined with silicone augmentation rhinoplasty. The nasal morphology, complications and plastic satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of nasal tip position, nasal tip shape, nasal dorsum shape and nasal bottom shape in the observation group were lower than those in the control group at 3 months after operation (P <0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was 6.38%, which was lower than 21.28% in the control group (P <0.05). The plastic satisfaction of the observation group was 95.74%, which was higher than 82.98% of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Autologous costal cartilage transplantation combined with silicone augmentation rhinoplasty has a definite application effect in patients undergoing rhinoplasty, which can effectively improve the nasal morphology of patients, help to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and improve the satisfaction of rhinoplasty.