Objective: To investigate the current situation of pharmacovigilance in medical aesthetic institutions in China, analyze the existing problems and put forward relevant suggestions. Methods: The research period is from January 2024 to June 2024. At least 5% of the total number of medical aesthetics institutions across the country (10,736), that is, 537 institutions, are selected as the research subjects. The survey subjects are the managers and medical staff of various medical aesthetics institutions (including the beauty departments of general hospitals, professional medical aesthetics hospitals, etc.). The investigation covers the organizational structure, personnel training, equipment resources, report submission, system and procedure documents, and adverse reaction situations within medical aesthetic institutions. Results: 653 questionnaires were retrieved, among which 653 were valid. Medical aesthetic institutions perform poorly in establishing dedicated departments for pharmacovigilance and appointing responsible persons. Most institutions do not use the national direct reporting system to report adverse reactions. There are deficiencies in relevant training, and no regulations have been made on the reporting process of adverse reactions and emergency response plans. Conclusion: The current situation of pharmacovigilance in medical aesthetic institutions in our country is not optimistic. It is necessary to strengthen management in multiple aspects to build a complete drug safety prevention and control system.