Pediatric burns not only cause physiological trauma but are often accompanied by significant psychosocial adaptation difficulties—such as anxiety, depression, and social withdrawal—which severely impact the children's quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes. Psychosocial interventions constitute an essential component of a comprehensive rehabilitation framework; they have demonstrated positive effects in effectively improving children's emotional states, enhancing treatment adherence, and facilitating the restoration of social functioning. This article systematically reviews relevant literature, analyzes the theoretical foundations and mechanisms underlying psychosocial interventions—including common approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, play therapy, family support interventions, peer support programs, and art expression therapy—and examines the limitations of current research as well as potential future directions, aiming to provide theoretical insights and practical recommendations for optimizing the pediatric burn rehabilitation service system in China.