Objective To explore the effect of recombinant mussel adhesive protein hydrogel dressing (Rmaphd) on facial redness and smoothness in patients after gold microneedling. Methods A total of 80 patients who received gold microneedling treatment in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from April to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into the control group and the experimental group by the random number table method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was treated with recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor (rb-bFGF), and the experimental group was treated with Rmaphd.The skin symptoms, facial redness and smoothness, satisfaction and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results The scores of erythema-edema snd burning-pruritus on the 3rd day after operation in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The scores of scabbing and desquamation on the 3rd and 7th days after operation in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The redness scores on the 3rd and 7th days after operation in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, and the smoothness scores were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the experimental group (87.50%) was higher than that of the control group (70.00%) (P<0.05). There was no signiffcant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Rmaphd can relieve skin symptoms such as erythema, edema, burning, pruritus, scabbing and desquamation after gold microneedling, improve facial redness and skin smoothness, enhance patient satisfaction, with good safety.