Objective To investigate the effect of whole-course health guidance combined with mindfulness nursing on clinical symptom score in patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis treated by red, blue and yellow light. Methods A total of 70 patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis treated by red, blue and yellow light at Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital/Yangpu Hospital Afffliated to Tongji University from June 2022 to June 2025 were selected as the research subjects, and they were divided into group A and group B by the random number table method, with 35 patients in each group. Group A received conventional nursing, and group B received whole-course health guidance combined with mindfulness nursing. The clinical symptom score, psychological status, nursing compliance and adverse reaction rate were compared between the two groups. Results The clinical symptom score of group B after nursing was lower than that of group A (P<0.05). The scores of SAS and SDS in group B after intervention were both lower than those in group A (P<0.05). The nursing compliance rate of group B (97.14%) was higher than that of groupA (77.14%) (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in group B (8.57%) was lower than that in group A (28.57%) (P<0.05). Conclusion During red, blue and yellow light treatment for patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis, whole-course health guidance combined with mindfulness nursing can relieve psychological burden, improve treatment compliance, facilitate the formation and persistence of healthy behaviors, and continuously alleviate clinical symptoms, with low incidence of adverse reactions.