Objective To explore the effect of attitude-deffnition-open mind-planning-try it out (ADOPT) problem-solving model nursing on periodontal health and aesthetics in patients undergoing dental implant restoration for dentition defect. Methods A total of 84 patients with dentition defect who received dental implant restoration in Changsha Stomatological Hospital from March 2023 to March 2025 were selected, and they were divided into the reference group and the observation group by the random number table method, with 42 patients in each group. The reference group received conventional nursing, and the observation group received ADOPT problem-solving model nursing. The periodontal health status, aesthetics, complication rate and compliance rate of oral care were compared between the two groups. Results After nursing, the plaque index, sulcus bleeding index and probing depth of the observation group were better than those of the reference group (P<0.05). The aesthetics score of the observation group was higher than that of the reference group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group (4.76%) was lower than that in the reference group (21.43%) (P<0.05). The compliance rate of oral care in the observation group was higher than that in the reference group (P<0.05). Conclusion For patients undergoing dental implant restoration for dentition defect, the application of ADOPT problem-solving model nursing can effectively improve periodontal health, enhance aesthetics, reduce the incidence of complications and increase compliance with oral care.